Managing Symptoms
Swallowing Difficulties
Multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause swallowing difficulties - also known as 'dysphagia'. Between 30% and 40% of people with MS experience difficulties with swallowing at some time. Just like any other symptom of MS, swallowing difficulties may come and go. For some, the changes can be small and temporary. For others, swallowing can become more difficult in the long term. But however long the symptoms last, there are practical ways to manage the changes effectively and make swallowing as comfortable and easy as possible.
Free publication - MS Essentials: Swallowing Difficulties
Fatigue
Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of MS, occurring in about 80% of people. Fatigue may be related to neuromuscular fatigue, the feelings of tiredness and weakness following exercise, fatigue associated with depression, poor sleep and appetite, or a unique type of tiredness or overwhelming lassitude. There are many things that can be done to minimise the impact of MS-related fatigue. Conserving energy, incorporating rest breaks, pacing daily activities, improving fitness, and reducing stress can all help.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and nutrition is an important element of physical health. The benefit of maintaining a well-balanced diet, low in saturated fat, low in cholesterol and high in fibre, such as that recommended by the National Heart Foundation, is appropriate for anyone, with or without MS. Over the years, various diet therapies have been suggested for people with MS. However, objective scientific study has been unable to prove that diet or nutritional therapies significantly change the course of MS. Diet may assist in the management of some symptoms such as fatigue and constipation. It is recommended that advice be sought from an accredited dietician before commencing any new dietary regime.
Exercise
Exercise helps to maintain mobility and coordination, and assists in lifting mood, releasing tension and improving the quality of sleep and relaxation. Although exercise may not change the course of MS, it can decrease the effects of physical inactivity. A doctor can provide information on suitable types of exercise. A physiotherapist can also prescribe an exercise program matched to a person's individual abilities and current level of fitness.
Stress
Stress is your body's physical and emotional response to all the demands made on it in daily life. Although stress is a part of life, adjusting to a diagnosis of MS and dealing with the unpredictability of symptoms can be particularly stressful. Learning to rebuild resistance to stress will improve feeling of general health and well-being and can increase skills in managing the additional demands of stress. Relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, massage, listening to music, and exercising may all help.
Employment
Employment is a common concern for people diagnosed with MS. Most people with MS have marketable skills and work experience and continue to work long after their diagnosis. Do not assume that, if symptoms interfere with job performance, that the person with MS will have to stop working. Staff at the MS Society can provide information and support on a wide range of employment issues, including disclosing a diagnosis of MS, negotiating adjustments in job responsibilities, and ways to accommodate MS-related symptoms in the work place.
Leisure
Leisure plays an essential role in creating a positive attitude and sense of well-being. It can help increase self-confidence, motivation and independence. It is important to maintain a healthy balance of work and leisure and to find opportunities for enjoyment and for meeting with other people. MS Australia - ACT/NSW/VIC can provide information on a range of leisure and recreational activities that are available.